Online single particle measurement of fireworks pollution during Chinese New Year in Nanning
Jingyan Li
,
Tingting Xu
,
Xiaohui Lu
,
Hong Chen
,
Sergey A. Nizkorodov
,
Jianmin Chen
,
Xin Yang
,
Zhaoyu Mo
,
Zhiming Chen
,
Huilin Liu
,
Jingying Mao
,
Guiyun Liang
DOI:10.1016/j.jes.2016.04.021
Received January 17, 2016,Revised April 17, 2016, Accepted April 19, 2016, Available online June 03, 2016
Volume 29,2017,Pages 184-195
Time-resolved single-particle measurements were conducted during Chinese New Year in Nanning, China. Firework displays resulted in a burst of SO2, coarse mode, and accumulation mode (100–500 nm) particles. Through single particle mass spectrometry analysis, five different types of particles (fireworks-metal, ash, dust, organic carbon-sulfate (OC-sulfate), biomass burning) with different size distributions were identified as primary emissions from firework displays. The fireworks-related particles accounted for more than 70% of the total analyzed particles during severe firework detonations. The formation of secondary particulate sulfate and nitrate during firework events was investigated on single particle level. An increase of sulfite peak (80SO3−) followed by an increase of sulfate peaks (97HSO4−+ 96SO4−) in the mass spectra during firework displays indicated the aqueous uptake and oxidation of SO2 on particles. High concentration of gaseous SO2, high relative humidity and high particle loading likely promoted SO2 oxidation. Secondary nitrate formed through gas-phase oxidation of NO2 to nitric acid, followed by the condensation into particles as ammonium nitrate. This study shows that under worm, humid conditions, both primary and secondary aerosols contribute to the particulate air pollution during firework displays.
